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Where does risk change hands?
Pick any of the 11 Incoterms® 2020 rules to see instantly where cost and risk pass from seller to buyer, and who handles customs clearance and insurance.
Any mode of transport
Sea and inland waterway only
FCA
Free CarrierNamed place of delivery
Seller's premises
Export customs & first carrier
Port of shipment (alongside)
On board · main carriage
Port / terminal of destination
Place of destination
Import customs & buyer
Risk transfer
- Mode of transport
- Any mode of transport
- Export clearance
- Seller
- Import clearance
- Buyer
- Insurance obligation
- None
The seller delivers the goods, cleared for export, to the carrier nominated by the buyer at the agreed place.
This tool is for general information only. Incoterms® is a registered trademark of the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC); in your contracts always state the rule with "Incoterms® 2020" and the named place (e.g. "FCA İzmir Alsancak Port Incoterms® 2020").
— Comparison
11 rules, one table.
| Rule | Full name | Risk transfer | Main carriage paid by | Export / import clearance | Insurance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EXW | Ex Works | At the seller's premises | Buyer | Buyer / Buyer | — |
| FCA | Free Carrier | On delivery to the first carrier | Buyer | Seller / Buyer | — |
| FAS | Free Alongside Ship | Alongside the vessel at the port of shipment | Buyer | Seller / Buyer | — |
| FOB | Free On Board | When loaded on board | Buyer | Seller / Buyer | — |
| CFR | Cost and Freight | When loaded on board | Seller | Seller / Buyer | — |
| CIF | Cost, Insurance and Freight | When loaded on board | Seller | Seller / Buyer | Seller · ICC (C) |
| CPT | Carriage Paid To | On delivery to the first carrier | Seller | Seller / Buyer | — |
| CIP | Carriage and Insurance Paid To | On delivery to the first carrier | Seller | Seller / Buyer | Seller · ICC (A) |
| DAP | Delivered at Place | At destination, ready for unloading | Seller | Seller / Buyer | — |
| DPU | Delivered at Place Unloaded | At destination, once unloaded | Seller | Seller / Buyer | — |
| DDP | Delivered Duty Paid | At destination, cleared for import | Seller | Seller / Seller | — |